U.S. Lawmakers want to tighten new restrictions against China’s SMIC foundry
In a letter, Senator Rubio and Congressman McCaul wrote that the Entity List needs to be stricter and rewritten in order to close “dangerous loopholes that would allow nearly all sales to SMIC to continue without restriction and support the (Chinese Communist Party’s) stated goal of military preeminence.” The lawmakers said in their letter that they were concerned that without changes the Entity List rules would be “utterly ineffective in addressing this growing national security threat.” Commerce Department Secretary Wilbur Ross said that placing some Chinese firms on the Entity List is a “necessary measure to ensure that China, through its national champion SMIC, is not able to leverage U.S. technologies to enable indigenous advanced technology levels to support its destabilizing military activities.”
The lawmakers are worried that the current restrictions imposed on SMIC by the U.S. refer only to technology required to produce chips at the 10nm node and less. That means that SMIC still has the ability to manufacture some cutting-edge gear. Rubio and McCaul fear that the administration “seems to be allowing SMIC access to nearly all semiconductor manufacturing equipment.” Their concern is that the new rules were created “for show and parochial commercial interests at the expense of U.S. national security.”
SMIC said that if it were to be placed on a blacklist preventing it from buying equipment from certain suppliers, it would have a very negative effect on its R&D as it plans to develop manufacturing facilities using the 10nm process node and even more advanced nodes. SMIC also said last week that it doesn’t believe that being placed on the Entity List will have a major negative effect on its operations and finances short term.
One piece of equipment that SMIC badly needs in order to build advanced chips at 7nm and more advanced is an EUV lithography machine. This expensive equipment allows the foundry to etch the lines on wafers that transistors will be placed on. These lines need to be extremely thin so that enough transistors can be placed inside a chip making them more powerful and energy-efficient. Dutch firm ASML is the leading provider of lithography machines in the world and while providing SMIC with such a machine wouldn’t necessarily violate SMIC’s Entity List placement, there is still the possibility that ASML does not want to get involved in the current U.S.-China trade war. If SMIC can produce chips using more cutting-edge process nodes, it could lead to a major shift in the global chip market. At the same time it could stop while stopping the U.S. from keeping Huawei from challenging Samsung as the world’s top smartphone manufacturer.
